Dyeings on cellulosic fibers



Patented Jan. 4, 1938 V amass PATENT ors cs DYEINGS N CELLULOSIO rinses Hermann Berthold, Leverkusen-I. G.-Werk, Germany, assignor to General Aniline Works, 1110., New York, N. -Y., a corporation oi Delaware No Drawing. Application April 27, 1934, Serial No. 722,817. In Germany May 10, 1933 BOlaima.

The present invention relates to a process of preparing dyeings on natural and artificial celluiosic'iibers.

In accordance with the present invention dyestuii's are produced on natural and artificial cellulosic fibers by applying to the said fibers a hydroxynaphthalene compound containing at least a hydroxy group in an u-position, the 'vi'cinal p-position to the said hydroxy group in a-DOSition being unsubstituted, or a derivative or a substitution product of said afhydroxynaphthalene with free vicinal p-position, together with an alkaline reacting and an oxidizing agent and developing the dyestuff by oxidation.

As suitable hydroxynaphthalene compounds there may be enumerated by way of example 1.4- dihydroxynaphthalene, 1 -methoxy 4 hydroxynaphthalene, 1.5-dihydroxynaphthalene, L'i-dihydroxynaphthalene, i-amino-fl-hydroxynaphthalene, 1.4.5.8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene, 1'- -methyl-d-hydroxy-a-naphthocarbazole, 2-nitroso-Lfi-dihydroxynaphthaiene or the corresponding quinone-oxime (compare Journal iiir praktischechemie, volume 95, page 1917), 5.8-dihydroxy-a-naphthoquinone, and the derivatives of these hydroiw compounds which are obtainable by acting upon the hydroxynaphthalene-bisulfits-addition compounds with an amine or an aminophenol.

In any new process there can be used the free hydroxy compounds as well as their soluble salts, such as the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts, and the salts with organic bases, such as with triethauolamine. Instead of the pure hy- 35 droxynaphthalene compounds there can be used mixtures thereof, for example the technical mixtures of various isomers.

Suitable oxidising agents are, for example, allkali metal-eliminates and -bichromates, alkali metal chlorates, alkali metal perborates, potassi ferric cyanide, or mixtures of different oxidizing agents. By the addition of suitable catalysts, such as vanadinic acid salts, the effect 0L the oxidizing agents can be increased. As tufther oxidizing agents there may be enumerated organic nitro compounds, such as metanitrobenaenesodium sulionate, further phenols, naphthols and aromatic bases which have been treated with nitrous acid, such as p-nitrosophenol, nitroso-fi-naphthol (sodium salt) p-nitrethy aniline. I

The a-hydromaphthalene compounds togethor with the alkaline reacting agents, such as caustic soda or soda, and the oxidizing agents favorably are applied to the fibers by dissolving Y triethanolamine, which bases besides their alka- (Cl. Hi

the components in some water and printing or slop-padding the fibers in the usual manner, the

developing of the dyestuif being performed, for

example, by hanging in the air or by steaming, for

example, in a Mather-Platt. The oxidizing 5 agents and additions and the application to the fibers are selected in such a manner that the formation of the dyestuii only takes place on the fibers, and especially during the steaming in a Mather-Flatt, whereby an optimal ailinity of the dyestufi and a suiiicient iastness to rubbing are achieved.

Some auxiliary agents used in the manufacture of the slop-padding liquors and printing colors advantageously can be added to the hydroxynaphthalenes used according-to the invention prior to the manufacture of the slop-padding liquors and printing colors. Thus are obtainable preparations fast to freezing and suitable to be stored by pasting the u-hydroxynaphthalene compounds with some water and a wateresoluble alcohol, such as glycerine, ethyleneglycol, diethylenegiycol, thiodiglycol, thiodiglycerol and polyglycerine. Further there may be added m-nitrobenzene sodium 'suli'onate which besides its action as oxidizing agent in the developing of the dyestuil exerts a hydrotropic action, thereby iavorably influencing the physical property of the preparations. If desired, also other hydrotropic' agents can be added to the preparations, such as salts of other organic sulfonic acids or urea.

As alkaline reacting agents used in the manuiacture of my new dyeings there may be mentioned soda, potash, caustic soda, caustic potash and ammonia; further organic bases, such as line action can be of advantage as solvents.

The dyeings prepared in accordance with my invention can be after-treated with oiddizing agents. For this purpose there can be used such metal salts which undergo a lake formation with the dyestufl, such as alkali metal chromates, whereby in some cases the shades are deepened.

The shades obtained in accordance with my new process on cellulosic fibers, such as cotton and artificial silk, range from brown to grey to black and are distinguished by good fastness properties.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples, without being limited thereto:

Example 1 LE-dihydromaphthalene 10 grams Aqueous caustic soda lye of 38 B-- 10 cos.

.m-nitrobenzene sodium sulionate-.. 15 grams of complex phosphotungstic molybdenum acids,

the fastness properties can be improved.

Deeper brown shades are obtained when the slop-padded cotton is treated with wet steam in a Mather-Platt for 5 minutes and, if desired, aftertreated with aqueous solutions of potassium bichromate acetic acid or of salts of complex phosphotungstic molybdenum acids. Example 2- Viscose silk tissue is slop-padded threefold at 35-40 C. with a solution of 50 grams of 1.5-dihydroxynaphthalene and 25 ccs. of aqueous caustic soda lye in one litre of water. Without drying, the viscose is then slop-padded threefold with a solution of 30 grams of m-nitrobenzene sodiumsulfonate, 10 ccs. of aqueous caustic soda in of 38 B. and grams of calcined Glaubers 25 salt in one litre of water. After drying, the viscose is steamed for 5 minutes in a Mather-Flatt, aftertreated in an aqueous solution of potassium bichromate and acetic acid, soaped and dried. Thus are obtained deep, dark brown shades. More reddish-brown shades are obtained when instead of the second slop-padding liquor the following one is used:

p-nitrosodimethylaniline 30 grams Aqueous caustic soda lye of 38 .B 10 cos. Calcined Glaubers salt 25 grams dissolved to one litre in water.

Example 3 360 grams of 1.5-dihydroxynaphthalene are pasted with 360 grams of glycerine-and 480 grams of water. A printing color consisting of Percent This preparation (which is fast to freezing and can be stored) 26.7

Potash 6 Industrial gum 1:1 40 Water 18.3 Nitroso-e-naphthol (sodium salt) 9.0

yields, when printed on cotton, after steaming for 3 to 5 minutes and after-treated with an aqueous sodium bichromate-acetic acid solution a reddishbrown of good fastness properties.

By adding 9% of p-nitrosodimethylaniline instead of 9% of nitroso-p-naphthol (sodium salt) to the printing color, there are obtained black shades.

1 By printingviscose silk in the above-outlined manner, generally deeper shades are obtained which are distinguished by excellent evenness.

' Example 4 4 Grams 1.5-dihydroxynaphthalene 240 Glycerine 240 p-nitrosodimethylaniline 330 m-nitrobenzene sodium sulfonate 42 are made .with water into a paste of 1333.3 grams gram of potassium bichromate and 2 cos. of glacial acetic acid in one litre of water for 5 minutes at 50-60 C. Black shades are thus obtained.

Example 5 5 I Percent 1.4-dihydroxynaphthalene 8 Potash Glycerine 4 Meta-nitrobenzene sodium sulfonate 8 10 Water 24 Industrial gum 1:1 50

are made into a printing color in the usual-mam ner. Cotton treated with this printing color as described in Example 3'is dyedbrown shades.

Example 6 By substituting the 1.4-dihydroxynaphthalene employed in Example 5 by 1.8-dihydroxynaphthalene, there are obtained grey shades, while L'l-dihydroxynaphthalene yields a powerful blackish-grey fast to soaping.

Example 7 By substituting the 1.4-dihydroxynaphthalene employed in Example 5 by 8-amino-l-hydroxy-' naphthalene or the hydrochloride thereof, there are obtained deep brownish-black shades.

Example 8 30 By substituting the 1.4-dihydroxynaphthalene employed in Example 5 by 1'-methyl-5-hydroxya-naphtho-carbazole, there are obtained brown shades fast to chlorine and boiling.

are made into a paste of 200 grams with water, and finely ground in a ball-mill. The paste thus obtained is very stable, does not deposit or 'dry up, does not form crusts and can be applied for printing purposes even after prolonged storing. 55

With a printing color prepared from this prepation containing, for example,

I Percent The prepa 35 Ammonia water of 25% strength 5 60 Potash 6 Industrial gum 1:1 50 Water 4 cotton is printed in the usual manner. Instead of the industrial gum other thickeners can be used, such as Senegal gum, tragacanth, starch or British gum. After drying, the print is steamed in a Mather-Flatt and after-treated with an aqueous sodium bichromate-acetic acid solution. Instead of the bichromate-actic acid solution there can also be used aqueous solutions of copper sulfate-acetic acid or of bichromate-copper sulfate-acetic acid. Thus are obtained full black shades fast to soaping, light and rubbing, and the 15' tenacity of the fibres has not unfavorably been influenced.

In the claims by the term a-hydroxynaphthalene compound I mean the free naphthols, their watersoluble salts and the derivatives which are obtainable by acting upon their bisulfite-addition compounds with an amine or aminophenol.

I claim:

1. The process which comprises applying to cellulosic fibers an a-hydroxynaphthalene compound with a free vicinal fi-position together with an alkaline reacting and an oxidizing agent and developing the dyestuif by oxidation.

2. Process as claimed in claim 1, in which the fibers are after-treated with an oxidizing agent.

3. Process as claimed in claim 1, in which the fibers are after-treated with an oxidizing agent undergoing a lake formation with the dyestufi.

4. The process which comprises slop-padding or printing cellulosic fibers with an aqueous solution comprising an a-hydroxynaphthalene compound with a free vicinal fl-position, an alkaline reacting agent and an oxidizing agent, drying and steaming the fibers.

5. Process as claimed in claim 4, in'which the 10 fibers are after-treated with an oxidizing agent. 6. Process as claimed in claim 4, in which the fibers are after-treated with an oxidizing agent undergoing a lake formation with the dyestuff.

HERMANN BERTHOLD. 

